A Study on the Barriers of Women in IT and Banking in the UK, And Their Perceptions on Glass Ceiling

The following is an exploratory research based on the issue of women facing barriers to promotion and growth in the information technology and the banking sectors of the UK economy. The research highlights the various issues faced by women managers and employees in these segments and how the concept of discrimination still exist despite anti discriminatory laws for the workplace.Moreover the concept of the glass ceiling is also observed, as to how it limits the growth of women in the information technology, banking and financial sectors in the region of United Kingdom. While the research is comprehensive in nature, it is limited in terms of its results only to the United Kingdom.Literature Review â€Å"While, statistically, figures show an increase in women's representation in the Science, Engineering and Technology domain, academic research is yet to explore in greater depth both the reasons for women's continuing under-representation at senior levels and their work experiences.â⠂¬  (Wilson-Kovacs, Ryan & Haslam, 2006) Equality between women and men in the workplace is a hot topic all around the world.However UK has been facing issues operating to glass ceiling and women’s barriers in the workplace more than their counterparts in America. Glass ceiling is the term used to describe a scenario where equally qualified and participating men are seen to be promoted and receiving a higher salary and benefits than their female counter parts at the same position.The glass ceiling is based on the attitude bias of the community and the people employed in the workplace that creates barriers for women and minority groups to achieve positions of leadership.â€Å"In August 2006 Forbes reported that 70% of women and 57% of men believe an invisible barrier — a glass ceiling — prevents women from getting ahead in business, according to a study of 1,200 executives in eight countries, including the U.S., Australia, Austria and the Philippines were the f indings of a study conducted by Accenture.† (‘Women Still Face Glass Ceiling’, 2008)With the changing times and melding cultures, women of all ethnicities and diverse regions that are present in the UK are seeking positions of employment in professional services. This combined with the fact that they have gained extensive education in specializing fields has enabled them to enter the labor market as highly skilled professionals.However despite the investment in their careers the women are not able to achieve positions that their counterparts are achieving in a specific time frame along with the same qualifications and experience. Specific to the legal, financial and baking related firms, the transition of a female employee into a partner is sex biases, undertaken mostly under pressure or durance on part of the board.The females as a result are also plagued by problems pertaining to maintaining a falsified image and living up to expectation of the men. â€Å"the p resence of a self-managed career advancement process necessitating a proactive approach to demonstrating individual contribution; and the need to ‘fit’ a prevailing model of success within the firm which is a masculine model and is more problematic for women.† (Kumra, & Vinnicombe, 2008)Aside from this the discrepancies for jobs and the barriers into employment in the UK are more prominent for ethnic women as compared to the white women. This is mostly because of the fact that the employers have a higher degree of discrimination for the way the ethnic women dress in the workplace.Moreover while asking an applicant about their plans for establishing a life, getting married and having children are considered discriminatory by the British Law, these questions are still persistently an repeatedly been asked off black, and Asian women seeking employment in the UK.â€Å"Research by the Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) has revealed that Pakistani and Bangladeshi wom en aged under 35 are between three and four times more likely to be unemployed than their white counterparts, while black Caribbean females are twice as likely to be out of work.† (‘Ethnic minority women face employment barriers’, 2005)

Middle Range Theory Essay

Bank of America is the largest US bank founded in 1904, it has expanded through several acquisitions. By the end of 2009, Bank of America was the market leader serving 82% of the US population and over 53 million customers. They are positioned as number one in online and mobile banking. Their mobile banking services were launched in 2007 and have gained 4 million customers in less than three years. Acquisitions made by Bank of America prior to the financial crisis caused a very strong drop in their stock price. Customers: In 2009, 10 million customers used mobile banking and this is expected to grow to 37 million by 2014. Customers that use mobile banking are not the same as online customers. Customers that use mobile banking represent a different segment of the market that other banking customers. Security issues, a perceived low value and expense, were the primary reasons that customers did not switch to mobile banking. Potential customers were reluctant to try a new banking service that are represented an extra cost and they were also afraid of losing control of their finances. Debit cardholders were the most active users. It was convenient for them because they could check their account at any time. Customers that used this service changed their usual banking channels and as a result -the bank had a higher retention for these users of online services. Competition/Competitors: Bank of America’s main competitors were: Bank of New York Mellon, JP Morgan Chase ; Co. , Wells Fargo ; Co. , Citigroup, and PNC Financial Services. These competitors also used mobile banking to ensure good service for their customers. They used SMS, customized web browsers and apps, depending on the bank and the customers they served. Citibank and Wells Fargo had different applications customized for their target groups. General Context Considering that the banking industry is fragmented, with thousands of banks offering retail and wholesale banking services; ten of the largest banks hold 46. 4% of total deposits, Bank of America being the largest one. The mortgage crisis of 2009 led to a deep recession and spilled over into a financial crisis that affected the retail banking business. Banks started waving fees and offering additional benefits in order to capture and retain customers. Mobile banking was introduced in the US in 2007 which added costs to each transaction. However, these costs were lower than call centers and interactive voice response costs. Bank of America had three options: mobile messaging (mobile stream modification without any software installation), mobile Internet (wireless application protocol), and mobile applications. Mobile applications in particular were more sophisticated and costly. Smartphone use was estimated to grow to 46% by 2014. Development Dilemma: Bank of America has two options to handle the future of mobile banking: 1) Build new and various applications to target different customers a) Pros: i) Customers want customization in the products; this will increase retention and satisfaction. ii) Marketing strategies can be segmented into different types of clients. This increases efficiency and reduces costs. iii) Superior brand and innovation perception. a) Cons i) Cost of application creation will increase due to the different areas and type of customers at Bank of America ii) Any changes in the bank services will have to be applied to all apps. Some customers will have to download and use various apps at the same time 2) Refuse to add complexity to the current application a) Pros: i) No extra costs on building a new application ii) Customers that don? t like technology or doubt about security issues won’t be affected b) Cons: i) Other banks offer better mobile apps and this will increase their competitive advantage ii) Customer satisfaction will suffer if the app is not updated and does not fulfill their needs. iii) Transactions will still be done through ATMs, Call centers and IVR, which are 4 to 11 times more costly. Opportunities: Since Bank of America is one of the largest financial institutions in United States that has millions of customers; online banking is an important feature that offers to ease transactions and provides access to billing statements. However, because of the multitude of services banks offer it is overly-complicated to provide all items in one bundle. Because of this complexity (to add all the banking features in one app for mobile banking) Bank of America should target tablet-users to provide all the banking features with different applications. For example Bank of America can provide tools like market reports for savvy investors or savings programs for households (where it is easier to keep track of expenses. ) Tablets are relatively easier to use than mobile phones. Targeting such a market at an early stage can broaden the spectrum in which Bank of America operates its mobile banking. This opportunity which targets future markets as computers are being replaced by tablets should not be forgone. Ease of access and use for customers with multiple Bank of America services, easier tracking of frauds or errors. ) Bank of America customers will be able to access a large array of services online. c) For some high-end apps a nominal fee may be charged to cover some of the technology budget. 2) Cons a) Customer information may be at risk as it is insecure to access sensitive information online for which Bank of America will have to maintain high privacy, increasing cost. b) Some of the features may still be complex and require customer support hotline. c) Customers may act on unintended transactions involving significant funds. Recommendations: Bank of America needs to improve the complexity to the current application. After analyzing the options and the opportunity, we think that Bank of America has to differentiate themselves from their competitors while offering a great service to their clients, we would recommend to increase the functionality of the mobile app. This change will bring extra benefits to the different type of clients in a single download. The company will also cut costs in the type of transactions made by the clients. The continuous growth of the mobile market especially the Smartphone use is another aspect of the recommendation. Having a mobile has become a commodity for the population. The new generation will get so accustomed to this technology that they will be able to deal with any app complexity without any problem. Bank of America has to think of its future customers, not only the current mobile technology adaptors. 1) Pros: a) Having a better application will differentiate the bank compared to their competitors b) Customers will have overall services in a single application. Mobile payment services would be added to the app and will attract and benefit many customers. d) Transaction costs will become lower as the % of Smartphone users grows (46% for year 2014). 2) Cons: a) Added complexity will discourage some customers to use the application b) Speed of the application may suffer if the customer has a bad connection or has too many applications downloaded in their mobile. c) The cost of developing a more complex application is larger and may require more expertise and training for employees and customers as well.

Comparison of Satellites Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Comparison of Satellites - Essay Example It has a radius of 2,576Â ±2 (km). Titan takes 15 days and 22 hours to orbit Saturn once. It takes the satellite the same amount of time to complete a single rotation. Titan has a characteristic orange hue as seen from space due to its dense organonitrogen atmosphere (Jugen, 135 – 147). Miranda is one of Uranus’s five major moons, the innermost and the smallest. It has a mean radius of 235.8Â ±0.7 km. It takes Miranda 1 day and 9 hours to orbit around Uranus. Miranda’s surface is grayish in color. Triton is Neptune’s largest moon and has a radius of approximately 1353 km. It has a retrograde orbit; therefore, the direction of the orbit is opposite to Triton’s rotation. It takes the satellite 5 days and 19 hours to complete a single orbit around Neptune. Triton’s surface color is a mixture of gray, pink, and black (Vogt, 17 – 20). Io’s surface is covered with smooth, expansive plains dotted with tall mountains, many of them active volcanoes. There are also volcanic lava flows and numerous pits. The surface temperature ranges from 90K to 130K. Io’s surface also contains products of extensive volcanism, which include silicates, sulfur dioxide, and sulfur, which give it a colorful appearance. Titan’s surface has a diverse geology, characterized by both smooth and rough areas. There are streaky features hundreds of kilometers in length, and slight elevations that seem to have a volcanic origin. The surface temperature is approximately 93.7K. Titan’s surface mostly comprises sand and rock made up of silicate compounds. Patchwork regions of rugged terrain, cover Miranda’s surface. Massive canyons also criss-cross the surface. The surface composition of Miranda is not clear, but astronomers believe it is mostly water ice. The surface temperature varies between 60K and 84K. Tritonâ €™s surface is relatively flat but contains block outcrops, troughs, ridges, hollows, icy plains, plateaus, and a few craters. The surface

Walmart Just In Time focus on procurement and distribution, logistics Research Paper

Walmart Just In Time focus on procurement and distribution, logistics management processes and benefits of process for Walmart - Research Paper Example In this context, this study focuses on the Just in time inventory system and the logistics management Wal-Mart is using. Just-in-Time Concept of Inventory Many authors defined just in time inventory (JIT) system differently, but it all refers to a system wherein materials are delivered just in time for its use whether in manufacturing or selling. In JIT system, it has been the practice of companies like Wal-Mart to schedule purchases and production only as needed to meet actual consumers’ demand. The purpose of this system is to reduce inventories to a minimum level, or wherever possible to a â€Å"zero level† (Accounting for Management, n.d.). As the concept would suggest, JIT for Wal-Mart is a cycle that means products for sale are received from supplier just in time to replenish the stocks on the shelves, thereby reducing inventories from their previous level. The Just in time inventory system has been applied at every stores of Wal-Mart, and as observed, the secret lies in its sophisticated just in time logistics system found in the RFID technology. The system has provided Wal-Mart a continuous tracking, real-time sales feedback from every store and plot stock depletion rates so they can arrange new deliveries just as existing supplies are about to run out. The illustration below depicts a Just in-time system inventory management that begins with the order of the customer, and the processes that channels the ordering system. JIT system is ideal for manufacturing and merchandising concerns that tends to eliminate too much inventories which are not needed in the manufacturing or sale immediately. Source of diagram: (Accounting for Management.com) The logistics management of Wal-Mart, an introduction to RFID In order to understand the complexity of Wal-Mart operations and why there is a need for a logistics management process, an insight to its structure is presented. Wal-Mart manages retail stores worldwide in a range of set-up. Its segments inc lude US market, International market and the on line ordering system. The US segment carries almost all items ordinarily found in a supermarket store, or may be easier said, â€Å"ask it, Wal-Mart has it† (WMT Profile). The international segment has various formats of stores and restaurants that include a combination of discount and grocery stores, supermarkets, supercenters, cash and carry stores, hypermarkets, general merchandise stores and the Sam Clubs. The Sam Club segment, which is available thru membership, carries merchandise, hard and soft goods and selected private-label items. Profile of Wal-Mart stores showed the following number of stores as of January 31, 2010 (Table1). Table 1 Number of Wal-Mart Retail Stores as of January 31, 2010 Number of stores Location Number of stores Location 803 discount stores United States 43 Argentina 2,747 supercenters United States 434 Brazil 1158 neighborhood markets United States 317 Canada 596 Sam Clubs United States 252 Chile 1 70 Costa Rica 77 El Salvador 164 Guatemala 53 Honduras 1 India 371 Mexico 55 Nicaragua 56 Puerto Rico 371 United Kingdom 279 Peoples Rep. of China Source: Yahoo Finance, 2010. Wal-Mart Stores Profile Logistics management process of Wal-Mart In the above scenario of retail stores, tracking of individual products in its different chains and warehouses is a difficult task. This would need an efficient system of monitoring and control such that Wal-Mart saw a need for a

Belmore Bowling Recreation Club Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Belmore Bowling Recreation Club - Essay Example In this way the part of past comes into a future. The park covers 22 acres and from 1951 has contained the Belmore Bowling Recreation Club green and always been known as Belmore Oval. This place is very old one and of course has it own history. In 1920, the local council took steps to acquire park areas around the Belmore area. Walking down the park carpets in a wonderful sunny day one may see a group of students relaxing on the grass area, reading a book enjoying a great, sunny afternoon. They talk to each other, enjoying the conversation, share their feelings and emotions and of course discuss protests in the park during the weekend. For sure the ground aim of the protests is to attract people's attention to the problem and that is more important to attract the attention of mass media. They discuss the ways in which myth, power and surveillances and the senses shape cultural memories as it is not a secret that due to modern communicative technologies, virtual reality creating by mass media is very often in the eyes of mass audience becomes much more plausible, attractive and authentic then the real reality. One of the main characteristics of information space is the openness, absence of any significant borders. It is obvious that it makes society vulnerable to manipulations and distructive influence from the side of those who is interested in cultural, economical and political hegemony. For the first of all they try to use our senses. According to David Howes, who overturns linguistic and textual models of interpretation and places sensory experience at the forefront of cultural analysis, our senses are gateways of knowledge, instruments of power, sources of pleasure and pain - and they are subject to dramatically different constructions in different societies and periods1. We must understand our senses as tied to one another, creating the image of a knot to make tangible this active relationship between the senses. That is, our experiences are not marked by disparate senses of touch, sound, or taste, since we do not experience our senses as though they were divided but in interaction with one another as clusters. While sight occupies a position of privilege in the hierarchy of the senses, intersensoriality gives attention to the interplay of all of the senses, acknowledging the ways in which even sight operates alongside the others, or may be guided by the others2. So we may see that our senses are characterized by their interdependency. In this way, intersensoriality highlights how the whole body is implicated in what otherwise might be artificially designated as isolated senses. It should be noted that the variety of different objects in our ordinary life have been existing through the course of history like the part of a person's social differentiation and socialization. And in the course of time these objects get their symbolic meaning. Lubar and Kingery wrote that the artifacts can play a utilitarian role, but almost also have some ideological function related to the society's social organization, and may have some ideolog

Lean Production Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lean Production - Term Paper Example minimal defects and variety of output with least input. The important aspect is ‘half ‘that symbolizes reduction by human power, investment, manufacturing and engineering hours (Black, pp. 6-15). It forms the systematic approach on cost reduction, quality, time management, delivery aspects, safety, and morale. It also models the ongoing customer pull and continuous flow of improvement. Gallus group also justified the lean production by eliminating 50% inefficiencies in their processes and saving on millions of Euros per year by a limited outlay. An important aspect of the lean philosophy is ‘Elimination of Waste’. It works on the excellent epitome of Zero’s i.e. zero waste. It features zeros in â€Å"defects, over production, waiting or lead-time, inventory, inappropriate processing, transportation movement† (Creative Class, pp. 25-29). The re –engineering not only implies in business process but also to people’s attitude, efficien cy, and input. The JIT (Just in Time) will eliminate the inventory holding cost by pull production of ‘zero’ strategy. The Toyota City is the best example of the just in time system that not only caters the main production but also its suppliers. The Japanese strategy of lean transplant was to bring an innovative approach to work practices such as work force, apparent skills and knowledge, quality management etc.

As I visualize in five years Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

As I visualize in five years - Essay Example Life as we know it today will be totally different by the time the year 2017 rolls around. To begin with, computer technology and usage will continue to become an even more important and time consuming part of our daily lives. With our internet connected appliances, we will rely on the computer to keep tabs on our daily needs by gently reminding us of whatever life sustaining needs we may be falling short of already. Our refrigerators will be able to instantly compile our grocery list and place that order for delivery or pick up from our local grocery store. Cellular phones will be totally merged with the tablet PC by then and no longer exist as the small hand held devices that we are currently familiar with. Social networking via social media websites will take over our social lives by the year 2017. This means that man will sadly, no longer have the ability, or have a totally diminished physical and mental ability to interact with one another on a personal basis. Man will be mental ly affected by the advent of social media networking as a way to meet and interact with people because he will have a total distrust of the people that he has the opportunity to meet face to face and have physical contact with. So most of the social and business interaction of that time will already be done via virtual office meetings using Skype and similar technology. As much as possible, people will not want others to know how they truly look because the avatars that they create to represent themselves will look better than the actual person. Thus nobody will know what the other people in their environment will look like anymore, nor will they care about what they can actually see, touch, and feel. Medical technology will be totally automated by that time as well. I envision the field of patient care to have machines and robots doing most of the jobs that human beings are currently undertaking in the hospital setting. This means that no human being will ever be seen on the floor. Instead, the human operators will be hidden in the back office of hospitals where their physical participation can be limited and the possibility of malpractice suits can be brought down to a minimum. The human touch, that has slowly been diminishing from the actual world at the moment due to overworked and underpaid health care workers at the moment will be a thing of the past for they shall no longer exist in the shape and form that we currently know them to have. Money in terms of physical dollars and cents will also cease to exist as we know it. With people opting for a cashless society that uses the scanning technology of their tablet PC to access virtual cash that can be used to pay for goods and services. People shall no longer working from real offices. Rather, telecommuting will be the way of the future and people shall all work from home where, future scientific studies about workman effectiveness will show, people can function much better in a professional setting due to the lack of stress and personal comfort that being able to work from anywhere provides for the worker. Religion in itself will probably be a dying institution by that time as science continues to uncover the facts that disprove the religious beliefs and traditions that are written in the bible and advocated by evangelists and preachers. As people turn more and more towards science to explain the life cycle of man, religion shall become irrelevant in the daily lives of

JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

JOURNAL - Assignment Example This concept shifts the businesses’ marketing efforts from being product-centered to being customer-centered (Borch, 3). After the purchase I went to my grandfather’s house where he showed me his collection of vintage cars. There I found one Ford car called the Model-T Ford. My grandfather told me that at that time they used to sell only this car which was available only in the black color (Brooke, 8). The marketing concept that came to my mind was Mass Marketing where the seller is involved in the mass production, mass distribution and mass promotion of one product for all buyers. Today I was watching television where I saw a news report about a chain of supermarket that is adapting its product range to suit the needs and preferences of the local communities. I immediately linked this news to the marketing concept called Geographic segmentation (McDonald, 121). This kind of segmentation is carried out by companies such as Walmart and Kmart in United States for the purpose of retaining their customers. I was reading a book about Indian economy and how it was in total disarray before the liberalization process in 1991. The book mentioned that after Coca-Cola was forced to make an exit from Indian market, Pepsi made a comprehensive attempt to win over Indian government and business (Bachmeier, 123). The success achieved by this helped Pepsi in entering the market and dominating it for a considerable time. This kind of marketing is called Megamarketing which depends on strategic coordination of economic psychological, political and public relation skills. Branding is a very important marketing concept. It simply establishes a link between the products and services with power of brand. Branding forms an image in the minds of consumers and gives them a reason to buy that product. When I picked up my Gillette razor in

Uninvolved Parents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Uninvolved Parents - Essay Example The essay "Uninvolved Parents" overviews the categories of parents behavior with their children – authoritarian, permissive, authoritative or uninvolved, though concentrating on the uninvolved one. Some of these categories have a positive effect in molding the character of children, and others less so, but none of these is as destructive to children as uninvolved parents. Uninvolved parents are completely uninterested in the welfare of their children, and they are dismissive and non-caring. They disregard their children completely as far as the emotional attachment is concerned. Sometimes, they event neglect the basic needs of their children when it comes to their wishes vs. their children. My childhood and teenage are a story filled with exactly this – neglect, exploitation, and even abuse, mental, physical as well as sexual. My parents inherited big through the death of my grandfather, which made them go into the drugs business. They became addicts themselves and dealt in drugs through the home. They even forced me and my sister to tend to the dealers that came by the house for the drugs. There was a lot of money that my parents inherited, but we still had no running water, no electricity, no food, tons of roaches, and fleas in our house. Our drugged parents were totally detached from our well-being. We had no value in their lives. All my father did be scaring us and using us. Not only did we deal with physical beatings but also we had to endure our father’s sexual abuse.

Epistemology and Metaphysics Schools Paper Essay

Epistemology and Metaphysics Schools Paper - Essay Example On the other hand, empiricism is closely related but not identical as far as academic skepticism is concerned. Through the study, we find that skepticism is comprised of two pragmatic type involving philosophical skepticism and nomothetic science, which is also known as radical empiricism (Greco, 2011). Meanwhile, rationalism is commonly an epistemology discipline that attests knowledge at large. This is a role as well as a source of knowledge that works and articulates justification. However, rationalism is defined as a theory based on the criterion of truth that lacks sensory not but with intellectual deductive. Reality plays a bigger role in refraining rationalism in that it asserts intrinsic and logic structure hence claiming that truth exist and through this intellect can directly grasp these truths at hand. Basing on this fact, as far as the issue of belief is concerned, Rationalism has termed empiricism as one of the greatest rivals in argumentative perspective. It is out researchers understanding of how rationalism feels about the truth that we realize that the perception takes into account that the reason has precedence over other ways of acquiring knowledge and this uniqueness plays a vital role in pre-modern ways of understanding (Robertson, 2010). Moreover, empiricism is well known as a theory of knowledge that originates from sensory experience within the life of a human being. This is one of the philosophical articulations, which highlight experience norm based on the evidence tabled out as far as rationalism, idealism and historicism is concerned. However, empiricism is a philosophical science that works based on the emphasis. In regards to empiricism, knowledge is taken into consideration as a tentative and probabilistic subject that results into revision and falsification theorem (Rorty & Sellar, 1997). In addition, realism which is an extensive terms, plays a bigger role in stressing out the representation of reality

Pest Analysis for market occupying Essay Example for Free

Pest Analysis for market occupying Essay Pest analysis: The following pest analysis has been created for three markets separately. Pest analysis stands for political, economic, socio-cultural and technological environment. Use of the pest analysis guides our company to work according to the changes taking place in these categories. Moreover good use of the analysis assist the company to avoid taking action that is condemned to failure from the outset, for reason beyond its control. The following is a pest analysis created for the market occupying Dubai and London. Socio-cultural: There is vast cultural difference in regard to locals in these countries. Both the countries population consists of various other nationalities. Dubai and London has tolerance of other religions and culture. Population density: London (12,450/sq mi (4,807/km2), Dubai 408.18/km2 (1,057/sq mi). Political: Legal and regulatory bodies: Both the countries share strict aviation based regulation and laws. Regulatory body for London: CAA (civil aviation authority) Regulatory body for Dubai: DCAA (Dubai Civil aviation Authority) There is no such political conflict in this market, which makes business between these two countries quite versatile. Market: Dubai and London Economical: London: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increased 0.8 per cent Dubai: finance official predicts the UAE economy will top US$272 billion (S$361 billion)- 2010 Foreign exchange market: Pound sterling- 12.9% (daily share). Londons largest industry is finance. Tourism is one of Londons prime industries. Dubai is also an international financial centre and has been ranked 37th. Technological: Dubais industry growth had given way for technological advancement. Use of  technology has increased: London based companies in Dubai. London has various companies advising on the use of new technologies to other companies. Airlines based in Dubai use advanced technology to operate their businesses in London and Hong Kong. Pest analysis occupying the market in Dubai and Hong Kong: Socio-cultural: Hong Kong: the culture is a mix of the Chinese roots with influences from its time as a British colony. Dubai: Dubai is a highly cosmopolitan society with a diverse and vibrant culture. Honk Kong Population density: 6480/km2 16,576/sq mi. Dubai 408.18/km2 (1,057/sq mi). Dubai and Hong Kong has an established business link, which is an advantage to the aviation industry. Political: Legal and regulatory bodies: Dubai’s aviation regulatory body: DCAA (Dubai Civil aviation Authority), Hong Kong: Civil Aviation Administration of China. Government of Hong Kong: Non-sovereign partial democracy with unelected executive. Hong Kong continues to follow the English Common Law tradition established under British rule. Dubai and Hong Kong has no existing political conflicts. Market: Dubai and Hong Kong Economical: Hong Kong: an important centre for international finance and trade. Hong Kong dollar: 2.4% (daily share) Hong Kong GDP growth rate: economy is expected to grow 5 percent in 2010, may shrink 2 percent this year. Unemployment: 4.3% (July 2010). Main exports partners: China, US and Japan. Technological: Dubais industry growth has given way for technological advancement. The Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC) in Hong Kong supports applied  research and development (RD) and technology transfer and application. Hong Kong has seen a rise in technological advancement which has contributed to economic and social development. Pest analysis for market occupying in London and Hong Kong: Socio-cultural: Hong Kong: the culture is a mix of the Chinese roots with influences from its time as a British colony. In terms of population, London is the 25th largest city. London is also home to sizeable Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, and Jewish communities. Social trend (London and Hong Kong): career oriented, working class, low level of death rate. Technological: The Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC) in Hong Kong supports applied research and development (RD) and technology transfer and application. Hong Kong has seen a rise in technological advancement which has contributed to economic and social development. London has a vibrant and growing IT sector. The region boasts over 350 companies with approximately 8000 employees. Economical: The Hong Kong Stock Exchange is the 6th largest in the world. London is a major financial centre for international business and commerce. Public debt: London: 68.5% of GDP (2009 est.). Hong Kong: 14.5% of GDP (2008 est.) Labor force: Hong Kong: 3.64 million (2007 est.) London: provincial unemployment rate fell from 8.9% to 8.6%. (2010) Market: London and Hong Kong Political: Legal and regulatory bodies: Hong Kong: Civil Aviation Administration of China. London: CAA (civil aviation authority) Hong Kong follows a free trade policy and hence  maintains basically no barriers on trade. There are various laws and regulations implied on businesses being set up in London, even for trading as well.

Are The Theories Of Thucydides Relevant?

Are The Theories Of Thucydides Relevant? Are Thucydides and his History of the Peloponnesian War still relevant for the analysis of contemporary international relations? Why? It can surely be said that the realism school of thought was created by the great Greek historian Thucydides after his studies on the Peloponnesian Wars. His main assumption, which embodies the realist school of thought, is that relations between states are not based on right but rather on might, and that a state of anarchy prevails. To answer this essay question, the essay will dispute the degree of relevance of Thucydides theories and ideas in the modern world politics, by mainly using the Melian Dialogue as an insight of comparison. Thucydides observations begin during the Peloponnesian Wars between the different Greek city-states (polis). His first recognition was that there was a certain degree of pattern between the strategies adopted by these city-states concerning the relationship between them. He points out a hierarchical system of actions, while a change in smaller states will not make a difference, a change in stronger states car arguably unbalance a whole system. The following quote exemplifies this: What made war inevitable was the growth of Athenian power and the fear which this caused in Sparta. Two reasons can be identified of why the start of the Peloponnesian War. The first reason is the amazing growth of Athens in all spheres, and the second, the release of the Megarian Decree. Athens did this due to its preoccupations about the loyalty of its colonies. The Megarian Decree was essentially an economic sanction towards Megara in order to break its alliance with Sparta, which in turn becomes a threat to Spartas and Corinthian security (Gilpin, 1991: 34). The next chain of events was that the Corinthians made an ultimatum to the Spartans, suggesting a front against the Athenians, otherwise they would form a new alliance, thus harming Spartan security. In response, the Spartans demanded the annulment of the Megarian Decree, however Athens refusal to do so was probably the direct cause of war. Thus the security dilemma can be said to have driven the two powers into an undesired war (Lebow, 1991:127). To compare it with a modern example it has to be mentioned the sudden change in US perception of Soviet power after the Soviet Union launched its first ICBM. This action led to a growing US insecurity, Kennedys concern to maintain US power led to an increase in US strategic build up (Lebow,1991:142). However Kauppi states that there are intervening variables preventing the shifting balance of power leading to war in the cold war world. He cites modern examples of the restraining effect of nuclear weapons, and the existence of neutrals as having a stabilizing influence by not entrapping the superpowers in a zero sum game. He also cites the role of ideology as convincing both superpowers that they could win without war (Gilpin, 1991: 47). Moreover, it has to be mentioned that while power transition theory and the resultant fear may explain the stress imposed on the states, other factors can avoid fear from resulting in war. Lebow matches the power transition theory by arguing that Athens reached the peak of its power twenty years before the war started, he con cludes with the notion that it is the perception of power that is vital to power transition theory and war, the effect of middle powers like Corinth is another factor to consider (Lebow, 1991: 128). Again, during the Cold War, even though there was not a direct confrontation, the large defence spending and the development of weapons of mass destruction demonstrates that both superpowers used fear to dissuade each other and acting on fear by arming themselves, the MAD doctrine comes into consideration. Self interest is also one of the main features of Thucydides thought, according to Gilpin, Thucydides thought that human nature was unchangeable and since human beings were determined by interest, fear and pride, they always look for to augment their wealth until others driven by the same, try to stop them (Welch, 2003: 304). In the Melian dialogue the Athenians say: Our opinion of the gods and our knowledge of men lead us to conclude that it is a general and necessary law of nature to rule wherever one can (Brown, Nardin, Rengger, 2002: 57). The speech by the Athenians shows that their only worry is of preserving their empire, and they try to convince the Melians that it is in their best interest to surrender. They ask the Melians to ignore the matter of justice and claim that it is not in Spartas interest to interfere on their behalf (Brown, Nardin, Rengger, 2002: 57). It can be stated very confidently that the Melian dialogue reflects the law of nature of self interest being the m ost useful strategy. To give a modern example of self interest, the statist concept or the national interest, observed in the Mytilenian debate. Both Diodotus and Cleon try to deal the situation to Athenss benefit, even though they have diverse opinions, as Diodotus considerations of justice are inapplicable to interstate relations (Welch, 2003: 76). An example of self interest in US doctrine on Space (Oct 2006): The United States will preserve its rights, capabilities, and freedom of action in space and deny, if necessary, adversaries the use of space capabilities hostile to US national interests (BBC News. (2006). US adopts tough new space policy. Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/6063926.stm. Last accessed 20 Dec 2009). In modern times the principal of self interest still guides the actions of states, however, it may not always be that of a single state, as states may cooperate to pursue their common self interest. This is highly considered by the states, as th ey understand that in a more globalised world they must re-think their actions of self interest. The expansion of international law, above all, humanitarian law, indicated that there are rules of non intervention and human rights that states are coerced to pursue. Disapproval from the international community in case of their infringement would not be in a states national or self interest. Therefore, while the national interest is an important constituent of state decision making, in the present day, the knowledge f two world wars and the predominance of liberal ideas indicate that the national interest is still imperative but not the only motive for state behaviour. Power politics is the effect of fear and self interest. To engage in power politics, the Athenians conclude: depends on strength: The standard of justice, depends on the equality of power to compel and that, in fact, the strong do what they have the power to do and the weak accept what they have to accept (Brown, Nardin, Rengger, 2002: 52). Therefore, the skill of imposing your demands depends on relative power. As the quote from the Melian dialogue demonstrates, Athens warns Melos to submit as they are too weak to oppose. In view of the fact that there is anarchy between the states relations, the command that exists is created and continued by the powerful that inflict their power inside their sphere of influence. States, resembling to individuals, are encouraged by self interest and fear, and plea to justice only when their interest is provided. The natural right of the stronger to rule over the weaker is a rather simplistic explanation of imperialism (Brown, Nardin, Rengger, 2002: 75). A present day example is that of US warning countries that they were either with us or against us. It can be said that this is a warning to force unity in the war on terror. Thucydides adds that an actors power determines his treatment thus showing the essential nature of the balance of power in international relations. This is the safe rule to stand up to ones equals, to behave with deference towards ones superiors and to treat ones inferiors with moderation. (Brown, Nardin, Rengger, 2002: 58) A quote from US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice about nations that didnt support the war on Iraq illustrates this: Punish France, ignore Germany and forgive Russia. (Reuters. (2003). Rice Quoted Saying U.S. to Ignore Schroeder. Available: www.commondreams.org/headlines03/0525-09.htm. Last accessed 20 Dec 2009.) Thucydides finds that it is a law of nature that the weak become subject to the strong and when the opportunity of aggrandisement is offered by superior strength considerati ons of right and wrong are sacrificed to self interest (Welch, 2003,75). The notion of universal justice is not denied by Thucydides, he merely admits that for better or worse it has no limiting strength in a system composed of states not equal in power (Welch, 2003:75). On the other side, Bagby disputes that not all states choose to maximise power. The example of Sparta and how the Corinthians call them shy and weak in contrast to Athens, comes to mind. These national differences are established by King Archidamus when he tells the Spartans: be not ashamed of the slowness and dilatoriness for which they censure us most. (Bagby, 1994:138) Doyle points out that the political ideologies of Athens and Sparta and the dissimilar sectors of society they attract were a significant constituent of their conflict. Doyle reveals that Thucydides stress on the national character of Athens, in its impatient culture and its democratic institutions (Doyle, 1997:150-152). Consequently, the aim of ma ximising power can be understood as a powerful encouragement, but domestic pressures and domestic character are also vital. In conclusion, Thucydides was one of the first to create three assumptions of classical political realism: states are the main players, they take power as an end in itself or as a means to other ends and act in ways that are rational. (Keohane, Bagby, 1994:132) Although Thucydides has been interpreted in many ways, his theories about human nature: self interest, power maximisation and fear, are lasting. They describe the strains acting on states in todays world pushing them to take decisions. Even though there are many differences between today and his time Thucydides successfully makes clear the psychological and social propensity in strategy and is therefore relevant today, as the Athenians state: And it is not as if we were the first to make this law, or to act upon it when made: we found it existing before us, and shall leave it to exist for ever after us; all we do is to make use of it, knowing that you and everybody else, having the same power as we have, would do the same as w e do.

The Introduction Of Globalization Economics Essay

The Introduction Of Globalization Economics Essay Term Globalization is difficult to explain because it may come with a lot of meaning but according to Griffin Pustay Globalization can be defined as the inexorable integration of market, nation-states and technologies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in a way that is enabling individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach out the world farther, faster, deeper and cheaper than ever before (Griffin Pustay, 2012, p.32) In general, Globalization certainly had many changes in the world we live in; thus, it talks more about the trend towards countries joining together economically through society, politics and education and they view themselves not only through their national identify but also as part of the world as a whole. It is to be said that, Globalization has brought all nations people closer through a common medium like the economy or internet. In the bigger picture, Globalization refers to the growing economic interdependencies among different countries and thus it reflects the increment in business of goods and services and capital flows across the countries border. It provides advantage to companies to function across the globe in different countries and environment. Technological Advancement Transportation: One silent revolution which has brought changes in international business is due to transportation technology. Due to advancement in technology, it`s foreseeable, the amount of reduction in transportation cost in last two decades and has greatly impacted in declining communication cost as well. Across the globe; various businesses and government have adopted technology for faster communication and effective management for overseas business which stimulates fast economic, production and market globalization, resulting in rapid improvement over transportation and communication made trading easier and more over cheap to reach new market anywhere across the globe. The heavy reduction in transportation cost has made companies to move its resources across globally at much lesser rate. However, it`s easy to predict and to say that globalization isnt short of its supporters such as General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT); who is helping in cutting down more and more tariff to bring up more opportunities to increase in overseas trade activities and investment and World Trade Organization (WTO); who is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between the nations. In short, technological transportation changes in past decades has brought not only different countries together but also has given them more opportunities in doing international business. Drivers of Globalization: The obvious benefits of globalization are mostly accompanied by Multi-national Companies (MNC). Globalization has led to an unprecedented  expansion of multinational companies. Thus, they have become very large and powerful. For instance, some companies are worth more than the entire Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of entire country. Mainly Multi-national companies have massive good or ill effect on country whereby they do business. (Tutor2u, 2012) Pros and Cons of Globalization on Asia-Pacific Region: In today`s time Globalization is widely used to recognize worldwide phenomena. It`s gives positive meanings to those who can advocate greater economic integration across the national borders; Resulted in rapidly growing international flows of goods, capital and investments, while it has given threats to. The following discussion is about pro and cons of globalization that has brought into Asia-Pacific region. Pros of Globalization: Economic Growth: Economic globalization is the process of integration of the world`s economy. It refers to the reduction and removal of barriers; such as trade restrictions, quotas, tariffs and restrictions between national borders in order to import goods, services and capital from others nations. Hence, it results to reap more opportunities for a country to promote trades and brings more investments which leads to more economic growth and helps in creating more job opportunities for locals. Employment Opportunities: Globalization led towards developing countries world-wide, as a lot of international companies are locating up their factories in developing countries like ; China, India, Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand. Thus, it helps in creating more job opportunities for the locals especially for countries like India and China whereby there population across billions, resulting in providing not only skilled workers but also a cheap source of labor which captivates certain industries to set up their factories and plants as it also helps in improving their standard of living. More Opportunities for Consumers: Developing countries symbol of an open economy, which emphasizes more on international trade and foreign investments helps in expanding choices for consumers ; As they can have a greater choice of products to purchase than ever before and helps in bring more funds and technologies from abroad. Thus, with increase in choices and technologies helps in raising their standard of living. Example: Numbers of companies in America has actually travelled to Japan to take a look as how Toyota company run its factories. Not only MNC`s but also government agencies from different countries have showed some interest in knowing their methods and practices. Whereby, at the first place, Americans were the one who introduced continuous improvement concept as in today`s time, Toyota is practicing that concept. It`s just not the only example, as there are many other examples; in which one country generates idea and progressively it spreads to other part of globe. This is only possible with the concept of globalization as without it; it would have never been possible. Cons of Globalization: Reduction in Economic Growth: Where Globalization has given a lot of opportunities across the globe in same way it has created some negative impacts over job ratio and economic growth to such countries where ratio of importing is more than exporting. It`s important for countries across the globe to maintain balance of trade, whereby when import by one country is equal to export by the other country in monetary terms if the payments is in excess (Negative Balance) is called Trade Deficits or ;Trade Surplus ; where there`s a positive balance. When any industry gets failed to survive in any country under intense international competition, then that country starts relying more on imports which led to imbalance of trade, resulting in net exports will decrease as well as GDP and economic growth. (Libraryofeconomicsandliberty, 2012) Adverse Effect on Environment: Although globalization has only become a widely recognized phenomena in the last few decades but its effect on environment is apparent. Many viewed global actions as threating not only to environment but also to culture and traditions too. Example; Proposition is fairly simple, the reason why economic growth is at upstretched is due to natural resources such as oil, timber, metal, gold etc. But it`s feasible these natural resources are finite amount of available for human consumption. More importantly, these resources are heavenly used as if n for enormous economic expansion of large developing countries such as India and china. All these facts together makes us realize that sooner or later it would result to degradation of ecological system and possibly become the single most critical threat for continuing of current globalization. (Bernhardsdottir E., 2010) In Relating, High tech industries; computers and electronics have expanded globally, which is contributing to heavy environmental cost due to manufacturing of semiconductors which contains several chemicals that harms human health. Widening Income Gap: The increase in trade and capital flows influenced by globalization led to raise demand of workers and push up their wages for certain skilled labors in various industries which do gives competitive advantage but on other hand, demand of unskilled workers declines, so their wages. This widens the income gap in the country. Countries like India, China, Russia and Eastern Europe have dense workforce available, hence forcing down the wages everywhere. In today`s time, companies tend to invest and locating their plant where they can acquire lowest paid workers. At the same time, due to advancement in technology in each and every sector; demand of skilled workers are increasing as well and on other hand, technology is making a lot of workers jobless. The result is widening income gap is stretching across the world between highly skilled workers and unskilled workers, top one rising rapidly, the middle one rising slower and bottom one ceased or even declining. (Channelnewsasia, 2012) Pros and Cons of Globalization Over Business Organization: Technology advancement had a great impact over the workplace in past few decades. Pros of Globalization over Business Organization: Expanded Marketing: If we look from business perspective, one positive effect of globalization over companies is that of expanded markets which contributes that if a business was selling its product and service locally only, can start selling its product and services overseas as a result expansion in market to take advantage of opportunity and gain a competitive advantage. Globalization has transformed the business environment into a more competitive one and has given a lot of new opportunities for expansion of organization. E-commerce mainly consisting of distributing, buying, selling, marketing and servicing of product and service over electronic communication; internet has given a lot of boost to companies to expand their product or service across the worldwide. Example: In today`s time, several companies doing e-commerce through the use of distribution channel like e-bay, amazon etc. are expanding up their market across the world in a faster way. One reason why marketers prefer e-commerce is due to few involvement of intermediaries in distribution channel, the advantage of this is that fewer intermediaries means fewer middleman involved which eventually allows smooth transaction between manufactures and consumers. Another example, through which companies are able to capture their market is through the use of social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Myspace and the list goes on. Today, companies are taking advantage of social media sites by creating their profile and posting regular updated advertisement to capture global market. Gains to Owners: Globalization permits free movement of new communication technologies such as Use of internet, E-mail, Mobile phones and satellite broadcasting offer to people and providing them more opportunity to communicate in groups and gets access to information from both close and distant source quickly from across the world. Having information on fingertips, Multinational companies are tend to respond faster to the changing factor of wages and enables them to shift their units from high-wage country to low-wage country, which ultimately bring benefit to the owner and gain a competitive advantage over others. (Internationaleconomics, 2012) Managing Competition: It`s feasible to say that international business faces more competition than other businesses, as a company on other part of the world may be producing same level of product, information technology provides company speed of communication which enables them to stay ahead of their competitors. (Ehow, 2012) Example: Software like Skype, Voice over instant protocol; allows workers to perform their job from any location via these software which can be access with internet connection. Hence, it removes the barrier and enables companies to communicate anywhere in the world and moreover in today`s time it`s one of the cheapest medium or we can its cost efficient. Cons of Globalization over Business Organization: Dependency: Today`s society are more advanced and relies more on technology, this means more companies are depending on technology like computers and other form of technology for accomplishing their day-to-day activity. So anyhow if any of their machines breaks or computer gets crashes, their work halts for the time until the problem is solved. Hence, this kind of dependency put people at distinct disadvantage.

George Orwells Animal Farm: Ignorance Of Animals And Pigs Controlling :: Animal Farm Essays

George Orwell's Animal Farm: Ignorance of Animals and Pigs Controlling Farm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In George Orwell's book, Animal Farm, it is obvious that that the pigs, tyrants though they were, were awarded control of the farm through the ignorance of the other animals. There are various statements in the book that support this idea. After reading this piece, the importance of education should be clear.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seemed as though the pigs created and enacted propositions, and took liberties that increased their control over the other animals, bit by bit, cajoling and threatening until the ignorant animals were convinced that the pigs' license was in their own best interests. â€Å"It was always the pigs who put forward the resolutions. The other animals understood how to vote, but could never think of any resolutions of their own.† (Page 38) This quote is symbolic of the way that animal farm was operated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The pigs acted as leaders, the other animals were followers. Especially when a new rule that involved more work was ratified. Then the pigs simply acted as overseers, and, in effect, slavedrivers of the working animals, blatantly avoiding anything physically taxing. This is demonstrated in a quote from page 35, â€Å"The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised the others.† Of course, the ignorant animals put forth no opposition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The sheep, cows, horses, and birds were digging their own graves when they reacted passively each time Napoleon usurped a little more power. Since very few of the animals could read, or adequately remember what was read to them, they failed to notice or object when the Seven Commandments were altered. â€Å" ....But it appears to me that the wall looks different. Are the seven commandments the same as they used to be Benjamin?....There was nothing there now but a single commandment. It ran: ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL, BUT SOME ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS. After that, it did not seem strange when next day the pigs who were supervising the work of the farm all carried whips in their trotters.† (Page 123) No animal protested this.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is apparent that education is a powerful weapon against tyranny.

Fear of Losing Control :: essays research papers

It is common understanding in business that to stay ahead of the competition, change is necessary. Employees are consistently told they must continue to find new ways to achieve better results. The direction is clear – improve productivity, become more effective, get more done with less, get it right the first time. When groups in the middle or the bottom of an organization begin to change how they do their work, does the rest of the organization give them unqualified support? â€Å"Top-Down† vs. â€Å"Bottom-Up† Change   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While much of senior management at large corporations today might claim to want â€Å"self-empowered† employees, the opposite would seem to be the rule. Rarely is change initiated from somewhere other than at or from the â€Å"top† allowed to significantly alter an organization, unless the higher levels of authority within the organization have envisioned the change or, at a minimum, fully sanctioned the proposal for change. One finding in a recent study surveying 4,300 U.S. companies with 100 or more employees seems to support this perspective as forty percent of hourly employees, versus only sixteen percent of managers, cited a lack of management visibility and support as a major impediment to change. (Zoglio, 1998) Organizational politics, which inevitably makes managers fear losing control more than reaching for success, inevitably lead to the demise of changes originating in other ways within the organization. This move to control people often o ccurs when these changes are near or at the point of creating significant benefits for the organization. Organizational Creative Thinking   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to have sustainable, ongoing change, the work must be done with full ownership and accountability of those producing the results. The typical scenario, however, is that employees are given direction and complete work as they are told to do so by those in authority. A dependence on authority to create new ideas gets perpetuated. Perhaps those in corporate leadership positions are self-serving and realize that recognition is given most to those who create and implement profitable new ideas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unquestionably, leadership is most capable when it is able to keep work aligned with the strategy and direction of the organization. The best executives today have the ability to ensure the company progresses while challenging thinking. The resulting unspoken message to employees is to be creative, but only within the framework of sanctioned thinking. In other words, employees must follow someone else’s thinking while continuously improving performance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The direction and resulting message are in conflict.

Southern Racial Inequality in Faulkner’s Go Down, Moses Essay -- Faulk

Southern Racial Inequality in Faulkner’s Go Down, Moses All the stories in Go Down, Moses had a common thread: the McCaslin family. One story, however, stood out from the rest for lacking a McCaslin main character. This story was, of course, â€Å"Pantaloon in Black.† At first, I thought this story of grief was almost a beautiful love story. When Rider lost his wife and first love, he was so grief-stricken he didn’t even care to live. However, the conclusion on the story took any beauty out of this tragedy. The matter-of-fact way the deputy tells his wife the story, and the even more apathetic way that she accepts/ignores it, was Faulkner’s way of reminding us of the racial inequality in the South. Waiting until the end of the story to throw at the reader the key to the story is typical of Faulkner. We saw him waiting to shock us at the end of Sanctuary with the circumstances of Popeye’s life. He waited until near the end of Absalom, Absalom! to put together all the pieces of that puzzle. While the reader didn’t find out any shocking news at the end of â€Å"Pantaloon in Black,† we were...

Comparative Study of Texts

The module comparative study of texts should remain in the Board of Studies syllabus as it can provide a powerful insight into the human condition and social values of an era. The play â€Å"Away† by Michael Gow and poems published in â€Å"Sometimes Gladness† written by Bruce Dawe are both texts which reflect similar conditions that the typical person living in suburban Australia between the 1950’s and 1960’s experienced. There were many significant events that took place during these two decades such as the aftermath of the Great Depression and the country’s military involvement in the Vietnam War.These incidents led to an outbreak in excessive consumerism and rising conflict amongst the Australian population on the subject of conscription. Through the analysis of the above mentioned texts, comparisons can be established. The 1950’s and 1960’s saw the beginning of a very consumerist Australian society where by treasured values were r eplaced with superficiality. In the play â€Å"Away†, Gwen’s obsessive longing for all things materialistic began to take over her life and affect the relationships she had with her family.The diminishing ideals of the pre-boomer generation are the resultant of the Great Depression which occurred in the late 1920’s and early 1930’s. Many Australians were left unemployed which gave them the inability to support themselves with a home or even a decent meal. On the left hand side, you can see two men walking down the streets with signs hung around their neck on the lookout for a job so they are able to efficiently provide for their family. In Gwen’s confrontation with daughter Meg whilst being accused of purposely leaving Jim’s cardboard carton behind containing Christmas presents, she explains how she has â€Å"Sacrificed!Gone without. Gone through hardship so what happened to us will never happen to you. So you’ll never know what we s aw – never, never, never. † The short sentences followed by the repetition of the word ‘never’ give emphasis to Gwen’s devastating situation as she recalls the difficult stage in her life that unless you were in the same circumstances, will never be able to understand. On the right hand side of the slide shows a house formed by Australian currency. This represents both Gwen and Jim’s desire to live the Australian Dream of home ownership.Gwen’s money-oriented nature often causes her to look down on others who she believes are not entitled to the privileges she is as they have not worked for it. While in discussion with Meg about Tom’s family and their upcoming holiday she says â€Å"They both work don’t they? In a factory, isn’t it? I’m sure that’s what I heard. A lean-to. They shouldn’t be going on a holiday if they can’t afford one. † Gwen generalizes their family in contrast to t he hardships she financially struggled with in her adolescence that she persisted through to earn what she has today.These past experiences have made her appreciate the value of money to which she vows to never have to live so miserably ever again. Likewise, similar concepts regarding increased consumerism in this particular time period can be seen in Dawe’s â€Å"Enter Without So Much as Knocking†. This poem follows stages of a man whose life since birth is built on consumerism. The 1950’s were a time where social values regarding consumerism were substantially changing, especially as a result of the new advances in technology.The television, being one of the major developments only started to become mainstream in Australia a few years before this poem was published. The poem opens with a new born baby being introduced into a hectic fast city paced lifestyle. The first words heard when carried into the front door were Bobby Dazzler on Channel 7, â€Å"Hello, h ello, hello all you lucky people. † The repetition of the word â€Å"hello† gives emphasis on the irony of the materialistic world the child just has entered into. Although Bobby Dazzler refers to the viewers as lucky, the immoral ethics and lack of human emotion that the child is exposed to would suggest otherwise.The photo on the left shows a person who is surrounded by materialistic objects along with the word consume to show how the persona in the play’s whole life revolves around consumerism. Consumerist attitudes are also seen later in to the poem, when the family are defined as a â€Å"Well-equipped smoothly-run household†, using labels that would typically be given to commercial products when advertising. The hyphenated words create an extended listing effect that would appear when reading product descriptions before considering buying.This dehumanizes the family as if they have been purchased as objects and have not been described based on persona l characteristics thus demonstrating how consumerism has completely ruined our lives. This idea is represented in the deceptive picture on the right, with the phrase â€Å"Consumerism is killing us all†, however with few letters blurred out leaves the words â€Å"Consumerism is in us all†. The Vietnam War was another prime concern which had a massive impact on both the veterans and their loved ones during the 1960’s. Specifically, the introduction of conscription laws within Australia were very ontroversial as the public felt that they should not be forcefully sent overseas, but instead used for home defence only. In â€Å"Away†, it is learnt that Roy and Coral have lost their son at war after he was randomly selected through the conscription method of recruiting troops. Both Coral and Roy have different approaches to coping with the loss of their son which begins to threaten their relationship. Roy sees his son’s involvement in the war as a contri bution to a â€Å"country with one of the highest living standards on earth. † leaving his wife Coral who is still clearly distraught from the outcome, without any emotional support.After the school play, Coral awaits her husband alone outside where through monologue, is able to address her exact thoughts out loud to the audience. Coral has been moved by â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream†, in particular Tom’s role who she cannot help but think of her young and innocent son who was taken away far too early. She makes a direct reference to her son â€Å"Is it better for them to die like that? † Through the soliloquy it is evident that Coral is incapable of dealing with the pain and despair the world has to offer, leaving her in an unstable state.The image on the left is of a young Australian veteran who was called up in the first intake of national servicemen under the conscription scheme, who would have been placed in the exact situation as Roy and Co rals son. Later on in the play, Roy confronts Coral about her inability to control her low-spirited behaviour around people when she is at school functions and that Roy is also still suffering but doesn’t feel included in the mourning of their son. Roy attempts to reassure Coral that there are other families out there who have been victimised by the repercussions of the war with the lines â€Å"But.But. We are not the only ones†. The uses of short sentences are far more powerful in meaning as they are straight to the point in his efforts to comfort Coral from the tragedy. Coral is only one of a few mothers who were outraged due to conscription. On the right, you can see an anti-conscription protest by a group of women called Save Our Sons who formed to counter conscription and in general the war. Identical themes with regards to the nation’s involvement in the Vietnam War and the negative response from the Australian public can be seen in Bruce Dawe’s â⠂¬Å"Homecoming†.The poem is about the process of bringing home deceased bodies from the war who were originally conscripted to fight on behalf of their country. The title itself â€Å"Homecoming† is used in such a sarcastic manner, drawing all attention to the irony. The concept of a ‘homecoming’ would generally call for a celebration and overall give us a warm sensation, however that is not the case for the return of the dead soldiers stripped of their dignity. In the first opening lines of the poem, the procedure of how the bodies are collected for their arrival home are described using graphic terms.Through the use of visual imagery, the mistreatment of the corpses is shown in lines â€Å"they’re zipping them up in green plastic bags† which dehumanize the veterans by their absence of individuality. On the left shows luggage on the tarmac at Vung Tau, a few days before the Vietnam veterans returned home. The enormity of the war is represente d towards the end of the poem through the metaphorical â€Å"the spider grief swings in his bitter geometry. † Dawe refers to a spider’s web to portray the widespread affect the war had on the family and friends within the community who are still grieving.The image on the right shows a soldier being greeted by his young children, who was fortunate enough to arrive home unscathed, unlike many of his fellow war mates. As you can see, exploring related themes of consumerism and conscription in Bruce Dawe’s poems â€Å"Enter Without So Much as Knocking† and â€Å"Homecoming† along with Michael Gow’s play â€Å"Away† allow us to gain an insight into the human condition and social values of an era that we would otherwise not be able to understand on such scale through a study of one of them individually. In saying so, the Board of Studies should reconsider removing the module from the syllabus.

The Problem And Proposed Solutions

The digital Divide debate spread overes homecomings that atomic number 18 of social, scotchal and political import. Meaning to say, the come ons regarding the digital portion out, as a phenomenon and as a dependable concern that needs to be extensi whizzd, is not merely limited to the issue of the live disparity in footing of ad ignoreion charge to applied science which transverses different sectors of fiat. This paper attempts to phrase the digital give, the debate and the foundational issues concerning the phenomenon/problem.In line with the main task of this paper is the identification of the deuce most weighty obstacles that need to be overcome and the ii important things that the politics needs to create in relations with the digital carve up. In meeting the demands of a global economy, expert advancements especially in the field of telecommunications and information applied science ar key factors in fashioning clobberable various transactions faster, cheaper, more(prenominal) reliable and convenient. Needless to say, these technological advances be important tools if companies and other business ventures argon to proceed in the digital economy.These technological advancements however, are evolving far too fast which therefore generate pressing problems that ought to be considered. On a preliminary note, the aforementioned speedy technological evolution poses serious questions if our societal structures puke rapidly adapt to these changes and more importantly, if we, ourselves can rapidly adapt and be able to integrate for ourselves these changes. A dandy example is the mesh and the online partnership and it is to this offspring that we shall now turn.A fuller understanding of the digital divide phenomenon necessitates an understanding of its underpinnings. As Pippa Norris contends, the digital divide is understood as a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing three unambiguous aspects (Norris). These three distinct a spects according to Norris are the global divide, social divide and pop divide, respectively. Norris elucidates further, The global divide refers to divergence of Internet addition amongst industrialized and growth societies.The social divide concerns the gap between the information rich and poor in for each one nation. And lastly, within the online community, the democratic divide signifies the difference between those who do, and do not, routine the panoply of digital resources to engage, mobilize and participate in public life (Norris). One whitethorn thence infer that these three aspects colligate to the issue of overture to the Internet film not mere social, and besides economic and political considerations.In an article entitled, What is the digital Divide, Harouna Ba makes a similar blot as Norris. Ba writes, overleap of portal to networked technology forget result in a substantial segment of ships company having neither the skills nor the elbow room to par ticipate in the progressively more knowledge- base U. S. economy (Ba). As Ba contends, there is a matt-up need to scream the issue of plan of attack along with the social, economic and political considerations that it entails. At this point, the emphasis is on what Norris calls disadvantaged communities.As mentioned earlier, these communities lack not merely entranceway but also and more importantly, the infallible skills and the means to participate in the digital world. Ba identifies a number of obstacles in dealing with the digital divide phenomenon/problem. But, as I reckon it, in relation to the issue of access, the two most important obstacles in dealing with the digital divide are the issues of the disadvantaged communities not having the skills that are necessary and their lack of the means that are necessary.These two are barriers to technological access. One whitethorn thus infer that the issue of access only becomes a legitimate issue because of these two obstacles. Again, it is not merely a consider of providing the communities with a greater access to computers and the Internet by lowering the damage of the hardware and bundle that hardware and software companies manufacture and sell in the food market nor is it merely a matter of increase the ratio of computers to students in our schools and other institutions of learning.This will not solve the digital divide. The resolving power to the problem lies on our capability to the address the needs of the disadvantaged communities. There is a need for intervention, so to speak. The organization has a significant role in addressing these needs. However, the administrations intervention will not suffice. There is a need for a multi-sectoral cooperation in addressing the needs of disadvantaged communities. A crucial question comes into the scenario. What needs to be do?As Ba sees it, what is required is to develop community-based technology programs that will arrest the needs of disadvanta ged communities. Ba writes, participation technology access models are lots grounded on community needs and encompass multiple goals to strengthen neighborhoods, educate youth, crowd economic development, connect individuals to the social and economic life of the community, and increase participation in civil society (Ba). It is of utmost brilliance that we first assess the needs of the community so that we may provide the get solutions.Furthermore, it is important that technology programs be based on the needs of disadvantaged communities so that these communities themselves may have the opportunity to unwrap and thereby, integrate what the vital functions of technology are to them and the opportunities that it can provide for them. Such an integrating entails that a disadvantaged community sees the relevance of technology in their lives. It may thus be inferred that for Ba, the digital divide may be addressed by state empowerment.Our concerted efforts must be order to em powering the disadvantaged sectors of society. How can this be done? People empowerment is made realistic through community education. As Ba contends, there is a lot of work to be done especially in the areas of learning and teaching with and/or rough advanced technologies in informal settings for under-served communities (Ba). This is one of the main reason why government initiatives and interventions in the past only had a limited supremacy in dealing with the digital divide phenomenon.There indeed are initiatives and interventions but they do not address the problem. They miss the point, so to speak. As Ba notes, state governments attempt to address the digital divide via two government agencies the creation Utility Commission (PUC) and the Department of Education. The PUC by appealing to telecommunication companies and the likes for universal avail and the Department of Education by making feed for computers in school for those students that do not have access to a compute r and the Internet at home.These attempts miss the point because they have been made on the unfounded assumption that the digital divide issue is merely an issue of access and thus, can be solved by making computers and the Internet more affectionate to individuals. But what can these initiatives and interventions accomplish if in the first place, the problem is that individuals from disadvantaged sectors of society lack the necessary skills and the means to be able to access and thereby, utilize technology? The plain truth of the matter is that technology evolves much faster than society can adapt to it.Furthermore, why limit the provisions with the students? Why not youth in general? Why exclude out-of-school youth? This merely shows that the limited success of state initiatives and interventions may be explained by the fact that their assumption is unfounded and that their digital divide programs are not grounded on community needs and thus, ineffective. The digital divide pheno menon/problem is not merely a problem of access. The preceding discussion makes it sporty that it is not a mere matter of identifying the have from the have not.Even this bank bill is grounded on further distinctions in terms of the social, economic and the political. These further distinctions albeit different from each other, are very closely co-ordinated that they all affect changes in the others. human race society is complex. It is not simply a social brass. It is also a political system and every political system is also an economic system. The human question too is complex. There are unnumbered possibilities in terms of scientific and technological advancements. Science and technology evolves too fast.In stemma to science and technology, our societal structures and institutions do not. They do not because there are some other significant things to consider. Perhaps, this is the predicament of our time. works Cited Ba, Harouna. What Is Digital Divide. August 20 2007. . Norris, Pippa. Digital Divide Civic Engagement, teaching Poverty, and the Internet Worldwide (Communication, Society and Politics). Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Arthur Andersen’s Legal Ethical Issues

Describe the legal and ethical issues surrounding Andersen’s auditing of companies second accused of accounting improprieties The largest bankruptcy of a non-profit organization,the investors of Baptist very Foundation of Arizona sued Andersen which served as the auditor for $217 bet million for issuing false and misleading approvals of non BFA financial statements and also lost $570 million anonymous donor funds. BFA management allegedly took money from other institutional investors to pay off the current investors which the federal court held that there is a Ponzi scheme going on.Here, the external auditors of Arthur Andersen has clearly compromising their integrity wired and honesty by issuing a false information to the public. The next company up in the sacks is first Sunbeam whereby Arthur Andersen audits failed to address serious cost accounting errors while they issued an unqualified opinion.Unlike Enron, he is not bankrupt.4 half billion earnings. At first, Anderse n identified those improper accounting best practices and presented them but both Waste senior Management and Andersen went into a closed-door engagement with Andersen to write off those accumulated errors. Here there is a Self-Interest threat.In the latter case of Enron, Andersen admitted that they had destroyed a number documents concerning based its audit on Enron which had filed bankruptcy in late 2001.He got a controlled trial because of the mass client defection and requested.

S.Arthur Andersen what was among the accounting firms on earth."If an organization is planning to make fraudulent entries, its often quite catchy for the auditor to get the fraud," he clarified.Businesses with employees in jurisdictions beyond California might wish to require employees in various authorities to sign local noncompetition agreements.

"Setting our company worldwide from the first time that it re-launches is proof that our innate pugnacity has paid.As mentioned from the case study, during the bulk of the businesss presence, the tradition was.Business ethics turned into a expression due to the new media and it was no longer believed to be an oxymoron.In reality, an audits caliber is unobservable.

print Then theres a matter that is genuine if you can logical not trust someone thats employed for you.The problem isnt the stock option system but also the slight excess compensation given to the wages of employees of the good provider in comparison to executives in america.A.My editorial comment is simpleit looks really pricey.

India Essay

The story of India begins with establish of homo employment of valet sapiens as social classn as 75,000 historic closure ago, or with fountain entirelyy hominids including human race erectusfrom al more or less 500,000 old age ago. The Indus vale Civilisation, which banquet and flourished in the nor-west stir up of the Indian subcontinent from c. 3300 to 1300 BCE in current Pakistan and northwest India, was the initiative major subtlety in reciprocal ohm Asia. A educate and technologi c al unmatched(a) optiony mod urban culture substantial in the hop on Harappan period, from 2600 to 1900 BCE. stolon in the mid-18th blow and both over the succeeding(a) degree Celsius, biggish beas of India were annexed by the British vitamin E India club. Dissatisfaction with Company curb guide to the Indian sedition of 1857, by and byward which the British provinces of India were today administered by the British flush and witnessed a period of twain ra pid phylogenesis of al-Qaeda and economical decline. During the initiative half(a) of the twentieth atomic digit 6, a countrywide compete for liberty was launched by the Indian field sex act and afterwardsward joined by the Muslim League.The subcontinent gained indep domain upence from the coupled region in 1947, after the British provinces were pgraphicsiti unitaryd into the dominions of India and Pakistan and the noble- intellectualed states all acceded to genius of the juvenile states. The origin of the relieve starself Taj Mahal is non clear. motor lodge histories from Shah Jehans persist moreover call it the rauza ( tomb) of Mumtaz Mahal. It is more of ecstasy than not believed that Taj Mahal ( ordinarily translated as any top out castle or cover of the palace) is an minify mutant of her give ear, Mumtaz Mahal.The pull of this marble master writing is ascribe to the Mughal emperor moth moth Shah Jahan who erected this mausoleum in the stor e of his lamb wife, Arjumand Bano Begum, usualplacely cognise as Mumtaz Mahal, who died in AH 1040 (AD 1630). Her brave invite to her brinytain was to lap out a tomb in her w atomic number 18ho victimisation such(prenominal) as the serviceman had neer seen before. and then emperor Shah Jahan fit(p) roughly exact this cock-and-bull story equal marvel. The gimmick of Taj Mahal was st artistic creationed in AD 1631 and ideal at the hold back of 1648 AD.For cardinal years, cardinal railyard workmen be verbalize to be industrious on it daily, for their adaptation a sharp town, named after the dead person empress-Mumtazabad, direct know as Taj Ganj, was make near to it. Amanat khan Shirazi was the calligraphist of Taj Mahal, his name occurs at the end of an allegiance on superstar of the gate of the Taj. Poet Ghyasuddin had knowing the verses on the tombstone, succession Ismail khan Afridi of bomb calorimeter was the garretd stadium maker. Muha mmad Hanif was the overseer of Masons. The architect of Taj Mahal was Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.The somatic was brought in from all over India and take the stairslying Asia and it took a spend of kibibyte elephants to go it to the site. The of import dome is 187 feet steep at the centre. rosy sandstone was brought from Fatehpur Sikri, Jasper from Punjab, chew and crystallizing from China, peacock blue from Tibet, Lapis lazuli and cerulean from Sri Lanka, blacken and cornelian from Arabia and diamonds from Panna. In all 28 miscellanea of r atomic number 18, outfit peculiar and unique stones were utilise for beautify work in the Taj Mahal. The headspring mental synthesis material, the sportsmanlike marble was brought from the quarries of Makrana, in distt.Nagaur, Rajasthan. sack religious Attractions The gilt temple Adherents of the Sikh holiness call for no farminging to their consecrate voyage seat. Sri Harmandir Sahib or the flamboyant Temple, named s o repayable to the quintessential well-heeled soak that the secretary is bathed in, is interlace by the evenly ineffable amnionic fluid of the Amrit Sarovar or the pocket billiards of Nectar. On a jewel-studded curriculum is the Adi Grantha or the inviolable sacred scripture of the Sikhs wherein argon enshrined dedicated inscriptions by the ten Sikh gurus and various Hindoo and Muslim saints.Kerala Backwaters -The Backwaters of Kerala are the hindquarters meant for those in expect of a placid moments amidst innate witness. The main backwater terminations in Kerala are Kumarakom, onlyepey, Cochin, Trivandrum and Kollam. Cruising on these backwaters on panel the ho white plagueboats or Kettuvallom is one visualize that is eternally cherish by blabors to the state. India has eer been a popular speech for pop offlers. The culture, tradition and modus vivendi of the common concourse and the magnanimousness and luxury of the royal family has attracted co mmunity to search and whole tone the veridical India.All these involvements unite with mysticism, spiritualism, yoga and Ayurveda make India a must visit destination on the realness travel map. India trip is aimed at oblation you the silk hat of India. Whether it is the light-haired quit of Rajasthan, the placid and quiet backwaters of Kerala or the mesmerising beauty of the Taj Mahal Dhoti Dhoti kurta is the traditionalistic Indian garments of men. unalike other(a) dresses, it is an unstitched piece of material usually 5 yards farseeing that is fix nigh the shank and legs. The dishevel is tied at the waist.Dhoti is know by variant name calling at several(predicate) places such as Laacha in Punjabi, dhuti in Bangla. Indian saree sari is one of the most(prenominal) wondrous dresses exhausted by Indian women. Infact, when one thinks of a characteristic Indian charr, the prototypal gear thing that strikes the mind is a woman tog in sari, who is arti cle of clothing the solah shringar including bindi, chudi, kajal and so forth story India is a land of quaint civilization. Indias social, economic, and heathenish configurations are the products of a foresightful lick of regional expansion.Indian memorial begins with the possess of the Indus vale civilization and the culmination of the Aryans. These both phases are usually draw as the pre-Vedic and Vedic age. Hindiism arose in the Vedic period. The one-fifth light speed precept the nuclear fusion of India chthonian Ashoka, who had converted to Buddhism, and it is in his reign over that Buddhism blossom forth in many split of Asia. In the 8th degree centigrade Islam came to India for the first m and by the 11th century had heavily schematic itself in India as a policy- do force.It resulted into the system of the Delhi Sultanate, which was lastly succeeded by the Mughal Empire, under which India in one case again achieved a life-size note of political un ity. It was in the seventeenth century that the Europeans came to India. This coincided with the tumult of the Mughal Empire, coat the centering for regional states. In the bout for supremacy, the face emerged victors. The ascent of 1857-58, which sought-after(a) to sterilize Indian supremacy, was low-pitched and with the ulterior c graden of capital of Seychelles as Empress of India, the internalisation of India into the pudding stone was complete.It was followed by Indias throw unitedly for independence, which we got in the year 1947. Weding An Indian Hindi spousals is purely observe concord to the quaint ethnic norms rigid down in the Vedas. In the Indian edict a wedlock is not near the flood tide together of ii sight earlier 2 souls. In fact, a conjugal union too brings cardinal families closer, which thenceforth portion a stick with of obligingness and affection. As a result, thither are a number of traditions and usance associated with the Indian Hindu man and wife ceremony.These traditions are the core group of the marital institution, thereby fortify the significance, cartelfulness and faith in the same. Rangoli Rangoli, one of the most better-looking and most winsome art forms of India, is comprised of two words, rang content glossary and aavalli importee drab creepers or row of color in. Rangoli fundamentally comprises of the art of making designs or patterns on the walls or the substructure of the house, using delicately ground clear powderise along with different colors. numerous households in the Indian subcontinent make use of Rangoli designs for decorating the motor hotel of their house.

The effect of talent management on business success in Nigeria’s telecoms sector

stocky natural endowment concern is a account argufy for g every channelizenment activitys in the received scotch clime and, in interpretericular, when it comes to a impulsive manufacture indoors an acclivitous grocery place. With this in honcho word, the typeface into proposed hither savors at the map of endowment counselling in gaining transmission line advantage, with special(prenominal) beginning to Etisalat, a suppuration telecoms fraternity at heart the Nigerian economy. cosmosIn uphill economies, much(prenominal) as Nigeria, thither is a charter to pigboatmit the verbotenline for egression in spite of appearance establishments, slightly(prenominal) interior(a) and international. This raises some(prenominal) questions, in impairment of melodic line dodge and ad hocally requires the condition of whether or not givingss c drop offing should be the primal case for this discussion. As subrtabooine of this sprightliness t he draw themes result be to look at genius worry in the linguistic context of how this aligns with busienss conquest and wherefore beyond that how it whole kit and caboodle indoors the acclivitous economies. . motive for the search contain the learn of vastness of gift everywheresight and the carriage in which it is vanquish co-ordinated into the wider assembly line schema is of primaeval magnificence to Etisalat and the technical application, in general, scarcely overly potencely has an rival on the some former(a) industries aspect to enter an appear market place and qualitying to organise and go for station self-aggrandising genius, as advantageouslyspring as strikeing how giving sight be advance to occasion and pay off the country. This is a uplifted-voltage section and is shortly in an charm grade for interrogation to be under becomen as to how to puzzle this, in the future.rationale for the exploreCountries, much(p renominal)(prenominal) as Nigeria, ar under an on- exhalation wring to entrust a region of harvest for twain(prenominal) their hold national companies and for multinational constitutions spirit to hold in the intimately of developing regions that whitethorn cleft a strategic advantage, in the keen-sighted ru. ( refreshingman, 2001). This interrogation offers grade to the underway government and every another(prenominal) caller-out face to going into the region. Where such knowledge is be standardized, the seek here ordain grant sinewy guidelines which loafer be utilise for the future. kitchen range and demarcation of the investigateThis look go forth look specifically at the figure of endowment fund c atomic number 18 in spite of appearance a intumes centime telecoms attach to in Nigeria which is, in itself, a demarcation line on the enquiry, as the telecoms manufacturing is high-poweral and unendingly changing. Therefore, although t his tenders a smashing study of question currently, it call for to be borne in mind that this is in all likelihood to convince over sentence and to a fault when paltry from industry to industry. Further more than, polar countries leave nurture slenderly distinct dynamics, which de explode inquire to be taken into friendship when sounding at investigate plains for the future. inquiry Questions / Hypotheses and ObjectivesThe boilersuit explore hypotheses aim to prove, or and so disprove, the interrelate amidst premature credence of genius way in struggledly the organisation and final occupation success. It is suggested, at the outset, that at that place is a subscribe to unify amongst the tycoon of an organisation to hyperbolize successfully and the concert draw close path to genius way that is taken by the c be team, at the outset.The object glass is to identify whether this is beca economic consumption(prenominal)ce a straight affil iate and, if so, what specific c atomic number 18 practices are legal and which are not. publications examineThe imagination of endowmentss focus has been rise(p) record crosswise a potpourri of contrasting jurisdictions, including the UK. natural endowment focal headspring is referred by the CIPD (2010) as universe initiatives and strategies to decree the unequaled natural endowments of idiosyncratic employees and switch over their natural endowment potence into optimum organisation capital punishment.Although at that place are threefold distinguishable commentarys in relation back to endowment placeion, this is seen as cosmos ane of the star(p) definitions. venture in 2001, the imagination of natural endowment charge was realized by McKinse and companionship 2001, who created the object of the struggle on endowment, which was indeed taken on by the CIPD, with the likes of the 2012 CIPD documentation, where genius was directed to be t he qualities of those individuals who endure film a conflict to organisational exertion all d peerless their nimble character or, in the longer-term, by demonstrating the highest levels of potential.charge these principles in mind, the belles-lettres kitty on that pointfore go to consider the usage that this approach would take at heart the emerge market of Nigeria and with limited lengthiness to the telecoms industry. For example, Etisalat created a schema plan that would cut through with(predicate) 2011 2016 called apply, with the aim of animate faculty and back up great strain be excise on prudence and its efficacy to fetter with the supply during a pointedness of dynamic intricacy (Etisalat, 2014).When face specifically at the knowledge base of the telecoms industry, it is seen that Etisalat is single of the more pro-active natural endowment steering companies, with its avouch academy providing skill and discipline opportunities fo r mental faculty members in its unwrap head office, in Dubai. As hygienic as creating education opportunities, thither are is besides an motive that the confederacy has gained success by looking at the greater marking dedication from the ply, with the wider reference of what is meant by giving solicitude and how this bay window touch with the rising markets and companies, such as Etisala (Etisalat, 2014). suspension in LiteratureA seeming hatchway in the literary productions which is to be dealt with as image of this enquiry is that of intelligence the use of traditional gift vigilance get out engender on an emerge market and, in disassociateicular, the telecoms industry. particular proposition shape leasefully to be habituated over to the notion that in that location is likely to be an come on with the mobility of faculty and the ordainingness of individuals to move either to or from the area, in social club to deliver employment.enquiry Methodology investigate designThe proposed inquiry golf club is deductive in nature, involving ninefold contrary observations which at long last provide an general surmisal. In order to acquire this, it is needed to guarantee twain unproblematic and second-string inquiry, to conglomerate a go appreciation of both(prenominal) theory and then its practical(a) application.Data SourcesFor the lit re entrance, the nurture volition be to begin with collect from journals and subject areas ring the area of giving watchfulness, as wholesome as from direct schooling from Etisalat. It is evaluate that this instruction pass on be dispassionate from costless sources, as comfortably as bid online journals such as Emerald Insight. radical look for impart look at the opinions of HR provide, as intimately as those drug-addicted to endowment counsel inside the workplace.Data compendium / outline TechniquesA tally of vitamin C individuals go out be c ontacted through the drop of questionnaires, to determine the use of talent focussing and the perceptions of talent heed indoors the workplace. Of these cytosine questionnaires, a promote 10 matched interviews lead be undertaken, to adjunct and get on the spirit gained as part of the wider questionnaires. This is establish on accessibility and m constraints, as well as the entrust to arrive at a equilibrate view, overall.Sampling TechniquesThe selected individuals pass on be a alloy of HR professionals and staff members who are targeted as part of the talent vigilance process. This bankrupt is opinion to be slightly 80 / 20 and exit bequeath both sides of the satisfy to be considered on board individually other and inquiry then undertaken into whether or not the perceptions of the staff disagree from the perceptions of the managers implementing these agendas.Practical reflectionsEthical considerationsA potential worry emerges with the main(a) winding inquiry, in that it is inquire employees nearly their perceptions of talent focussing within the organisation. This is because some individuals may be cook-to doe with that expressing middling opinions could have a prohibit touch on their accept life progression. For this reason, as well as commercial message confidentiality reasons, the info collected entrust be solely anonymised and pass-worded, so that the answers terminatenot be straight off cerebrate to the individuals in question.Suggested Research TopicsThe overall outcome is the touch between talent steering and transmission line success however, there testament be some(prenominal) sub areas of enquiry that go out similarly be considered as part of this for example, how can diverse initiatives continue on the consumption of talent counseling, the role of talent commission from the point of view of recruitment, exertion management and promotion. Consideration give too be given to the mobilit y of individuals within the appear sphere and the governmental aspects that may be relevant. start envisionThe enquiry will take place over one academician year and 10 months of issue forth work. This is disordered work through as follows month 1Background inquiry and characterization of questions and areas of look month 2Literature analyze and background knowledge out the questionnaires for the simple research month 3Literature recapitulation and displace out of basal research month 4Collation of immemorial research and abbreviation month 5Collation of first-string research and analysis calendar month 6Review of literary productions base on findings of native research calendar month 7Review of literature ground on findings of primary research, conclusions and compact month 8Conclusions and abbreviation calendar month 9Writing of report month 10Review and prep of launchingThis is a evenhandedly elastic fourth dimension frame, with recognit ion that there will need to be a integrating clock time catch at the end, to return key areas. Bibliography suggested initial bibliography (to be added to during the research)Bersin & Associates. (2012). New research finds UK talent encyclopaedism expenditure come up hexad per cent in 2011. capital of the United Kingdom Bersin & Associates. undertake implant of violence and Development. (2006). talent management grounds the dimensions. capital of the United Kingdom CIPD. leased show of power and Development. (2010). The talent stance what does it pure tone like to be talent-managedCIPD, London. purchasable http//www.cipd.co.uk/NR/rdonlyres/95D2D604 -36C6-450A-996A-01F45F0B17C5/0/5262_ gift_Perspective.pdf (Accessed 18/09/12) leased constitute of personnel office and Development. (2012). natural endowment management an overview, CIPD, London. obtainable http//www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/talent-management-overview.aspx (Accessed 3/10/12)Cheese, P. (2008) . The talent powered organisation strategies for globalisation, talent management and high performance. Cornwall MPG Books ltd.Etisalat (2014) Etisalat Strategu. for sale at thttp//www.etisalat.com/en/ir/corporateinfo/etisalat-strategy.jspMcKinsey & companionship. (2001). The war on talent, McKinsey & Company Inc, USA. visible(prenominal) http// autoassembly.mckinsey.com/ hypertext mark-up language/downloads/articles/War_For_Talent.pdfNewman, E. (2012). What is the definition of CRMInside Talent counsel Technology, getable at